揭秘2023年中国石油大学(北京)材料工程专业考研备考攻略!数学复试…(2023牙膏揭秘篇)

一、择校
选择大于努力,所以说择校真的是非常重要的一步。首先,我们肯定会从学长学姐那里听过一些考研院校啊,比如自己专业的学长学姐大多升入的是哪些学校,那么这些学校就是我们选择学校的重要参考来源。其次,地域因素,例如我们会考虑到自己的家乡周边或是发展很好的城市,例如北京、上海这种一级城市,好的城市肯定会有好的方面,我们可以接触到更为广阔的天地,同时我们后期找实习、找工作也会有更多的机会。
然后更重要也是最重要的一点,就是考研院校的难度,这个难度要去研招网,看每年的

报录比,然后看招生人数,去学校官网看每年的录取名单以及分数。这个一定要根据自己的实力来选择。如果你是刻苦努力、自制力又非常强的学生,那么就可以把目标定的稍高一点;如果你学习态度欠佳,自制力又不够,那么就选择难度较低的学校。千万不要好高骛远。上岸才是最重要的。
我当时综合了上述原因之后,选择了考研难度较低、离家还近、材料专业实力也还可以的中国石油大学(北京)。我这个学校报录比基本就是一比一,我考的专硕,一志愿报考的话,分数线就是每年的工科国家线,近几年分数线较为稳定,所以中石油算是比较容易上岸的一个选择,有难度的一点就是地处北京,判卷的话公共课部分有点压分。但总分最多也就相差十分左右,所以难度不大。
二、初试经验
1、政治
这部分是唯一一科可以短时间提分的科目,所以前期不需要费时间在政治上,如果学习其他科目有余力的情况下可以在七八月份听听 老师的马原课,马原比较难以理解。所以这部分一定要听课,其他部分看个人情况,有时间的话都听听也可以。今年 压的很准,虽然我没跟,但是 真的永远的神,我最后背了肖四的大题,选择题肖四肖八一定全做,并且弄明白每一道题,最后政治成绩还不错。
2、英语
我考的是英语二,前期就注重背单词,一定要坚持背,即使临近考研,也一定坚持背单词,这个很重要!因为就像汉字一样,首先你得知道每个词是什么意思,你才能明白他们组成一句话是什么意思,单词就是英语的基础。对于基础不好的同学,在三四月份就要好好背单词并且听听田静老师的语法课,语法也是你能否正确理解一句话的关键。英语无非就是阅读、完型、翻译、新题型、写作这几种题,阅读占客观题的大头,所以抓好单词,抓好语法,抓好阅读,真题一定要多刷几遍;完型、新题型、翻译小三门,前期不用花费时间,最后十一月份开始就可以;写作也是一样,十一月份开始一周背三四篇范文,然后根据真题每周自己写两篇作文,在对照正确答案,从范文里面学习一些好的句子背下来。
3、数学
我们考的是数学二,相对比较简单,但是数学是最能拉分的一个科目,因为满分是150,考的好与考得不好中间可能相差五六十分,所以数学一定要打好基础。现在前期要把重心放在数学上,无论跟的哪个老师,一定记住,没有基础的技巧都是徒劳。同时,数学一定不要只顾着听课,一定要多刷题,多刷题,并且弄懂你做过的每一道题。后期数学就不会像现在一样有大巴的时间了,所以前期一定打好基础。后期真题一定一定要弄明白,找准出题角度,把真题涉及到的知识点都整明白,不要只顾着做模拟题,再好的模拟题也不能和真题相提并论。
4、专业课
我考的是863材料综合,参考书目是上海交通大学出版的《材料科学与基础》第三版,作者是胡赓祥。专业课要先把课本知识过一遍,第一遍学的知识点一定都要记住,像一些名词解释,这个时候得学习就是在打基础,把专业名词都搞明白,然后把课本知识要穿成串,联系起来,可以借助一些网络上已有的思维导图或者是在学完每一张以后自己构建一份知识网络,这样在后期学习的时候不仅可以联系起来所学知识,同样背诵的时候也会更方便,更容易抓住重点。大家如果在考研复习过程中有困难的话,也不妨报一个辅导班,比如 考研全科一对一私人订制vip辅导课程,针对性强,上课时间可以灵活协商,课下还可以免费答疑解惑,对考研初复试应试备考这块的 助是非常明显的。
专业课的学习没有什么技巧,就是背诵,然后需要理解的例如相图啊这种,可以从网上找一些老师的课或者可以找专业课老师辅导一下,相图很关键,所以在学的时候一定要弄明白每个点、每条线、每个区域。专业课八九月份开始就可以,后期一定要把报考学校的专业课真题,每一套都要背会、背熟,相应知识点都要弄明白,真题才是学习的导向,真题的利用价值才是最大的,所以可以针对真题上的相应知识点往外适当拓展,比如每一年都考位错,那么你就要把位错的所有知识点都掌握,尤其是没有出过题的知识点,因为这部分是比较容易忽略的,但其实每年考试都会有新题出现,那么这些没考过的知识点就很重要了。中石油的题目相对简单,都很基础。大部分都是相图、形变、位错这些基础知识,所以一定要抓住真题,并且好好利用好每一套,一定不能忽略真题上的知识点。
三、复试经验
中石油专硕复试录取比是一比一,基本上过线的都录了。复试包括英语能力测试和专业知识测试,每组老师问的内容不固定,老师想问什么问什么,但也都是专业相关的,材科基、热处理、材料分析这几门,试题都很简单,比如xrd、扫描电镜、透射电镜成像原理,成像信号等。英语的话是你需要抽题来回答,但也和其他学校复试内容差不多,无非就是那么几道问题。只要能过线,复试一般不用担心,基本不会刷人的。

抢先收藏!史上最全考研复试英语口语攻略

在考研复试环节,英语部分的考查是比较关键,也是大家最为担心的。具体考些啥,大多数小伙伴还摸不着头脑,现在我们就一起来看看,英语复试到底都考些啥。
01考查内容
可以划分为三大部分——英语口语、专业英语以及英语听力考查,其中复试英语考察主要是口语,一般为一到两位老师进行提问,问题包括基本信息、日常交流,可能也会问专业课内容等等。

口语
第一部分:考查学生理解并回答有关日常生活、家庭、工作、学习等问题的能力;

第二部分:考查学生连续表达的能力。考生从给你的问题中选择一个话题,就此话题表达自己的看法。

有些专业只有一名老师专门负责英语口语;还有部分专业是由两名教师参加口试工作,一名教师主持口试,随时与考生交谈并评分;另一名教师专门评分,不参与交谈。

听力

(有的学校不考听力)
考研复试英语听力的考查,大多数学校是以成型考试为参考。比如:六级听力、托福听力和雅思听力。在复习时可以有针对性地做一些六级或托福听力或雅思听力的试题,收听英语新闻,看看发音清晰的英文影片,在放松欣赏的同时又培养了语感。

02考试类型自我介绍
需要小伙伴们根据自身情况准备一个1-2分钟的英文自我介绍,内容可包含个人家庭,学习,专业以及工作规划。其中专业相关的内容要作为重点介绍。

话题评论
英语口语考察的常规题型为问答形式。老师提问,要求考生对提问的话题进行阐述,比如,“你如何看待xx”、“你对xx的看法”等等,此环节主要考查逻辑思考能力。这部分主要是专业知识和热点较多,建议小伙伴可以关注这些话题,可以阅读下相关的英文报道。

这种方式多是抽题的形式,有几个专业英语口语也是抽题回答。

日常交际
这是口语最常规的考题,“你最喜欢的xx,”介绍一下你的家乡“,“你最喜欢的xx”…这是口语最习惯的考法,大家必须要准备这些话题。

自由问答
有些老师会以自由问答形式,去追问考生,来了解考生情况。

03考查要点
复试口语主要考查的是流利与连贯性、语音、词汇量和语法这四个方面。换言之,正确的语音和语调,词汇和语法的准确和灵活性,话语的内容及流利度以及互动交流的能力是整个面试环节中在表述时要注意到的要点。其实真实的情况是复试不太注重考察英语口语方面的,只要考生能回答就可以,而不能出现直接卡住、沉默,不做任何回应。

老师的成绩评价分级:

1.优秀(能用外语就指定的话题进行口头交流,基本没有困难)
2.良好(能用外语就指定的题材进行口头交流,虽有些困,但不影响交流)
3.及格(能用外语就指定的话题进行简单的口头交流)
4.不及格(不具有口头表达能力)

04注意点
在面试过程中,语速不要太快,适当的节奏和语气停顿有助于给老师增加好感,而且,声音不宜太高或太低,要保持适中,发音要尽量饱满。

当回答问题时,中间不要出现过长的沉默,最好使用些语气词,比如,hmm,err等进行过渡,让面试老师感觉到你在认真思考;当不太确定回答内容时,也可以很坦诚的告诉面试老师,一定不要低头不语。

在面试过程中,除了面试语言的使用之外,还要注意非语言性的交流,也就是英语中所谓的body language。在回答问题时,要和老师在眼神上有交流。

考研英语面试中,在自我介绍完结束后,老师就会开始问你问题。在回答过程中要结合自己的经历和见解来准备答案,让自己回答的问题和整个的自我介绍融为一个整体。

在每一年的面试中都会有很多相同的问题。

05口语模板模板一

第一个模板是针对辞职考研的同学。首先介绍自己的毕业学校,毕业之后从事的工作。通过工作中的典型事件表达自己读研的决心和信心,以及自己对这个专业的认识。

good afternoon, teachers.

i am very glad to be here for this interview. first let me introduce myself. my name is xx, 25 years old. i come from weifang, a beautiful city of shandong province. i graduated from commercial college in july, 2013 and major in finance.

then, i was a teacher in xx, when i was a senior school student, i was interested in thought and began to read a certain classic work of marxism, especially i finished reading . from then on, i have dabbled in more and more theoretical works and accumulated great interests in theory study, especially in marxism.

i have a dream, a dream of my study. i wish devote my whole life and energy into the development of the marxism. if i have the opportunity to study in xx university, ill dabble in as much as document about the specialty as possible. if it is possible, i want to get the primary accomplishment in my major, at least, a stable basis.

personally, for todays to say, we should understand marxism mostly from the aspect of construction and development of social society. only when our socialistic country has a more rapid and sustainable development than the capitalistic, we can enhance the attractiveness and persuasion of marxism eventually.

thank you!

模板二

模板二比较简洁,如果分配给自我介绍的时间不多,可以采用这一模板,简单介绍自己的情况。

good morning/afternoon/evening, my name is . it is really a great honor to have this opportunity/chance to introduce myself. i would like to answer whatever you may raise, and i hope i can make a good performance today. 

i am 23 years old, born in province beijing, northeast southwest of china, and i am currently a senior(大四学生) student at capital institute of physical education.  

my major is sports training of basketball. 

in the past 3 years, i spend most of my time on study. i have passed cet6 and i have acquired basic knowledge of sports training both in theory and in practice.

besides, i have attended several sports meetings held in beijing. i am also the volunteers of china tennis open, chinese badminton masters. through these i have a deeply understanding of my major—sports training.

i have lots of interest, such as singing, dancing, drawing and so on.

thank you!

模板三

模板三是针对在职考研的学生。首先介绍自己的基本情况,目前所做的工作。然后通过工作中的小事,呈现自己的优势,表达读研的渴望。

good morning. i am glad to be here for this interview. first let me introduce myself. my name is xx, 24. i come from xx,the capital of xx province. i graduated from the xx department of xx university in july ,2001.in the past two years i have been prepareing for the postgraduate examination while i have been teaching xxin no.xx middle school and i was a head-teacher of a class in junior grade two.now all my hard work has got a result since i have a chance to be interview by you. 

i am open-minded ,quick in thought and very fond of history.in my spare time,i have broad interests like many other youngers.i like reading books, especially those xx.frequently i exchange with other people by making comments in the forum on line.in addition ,during my college years,i was once a net-bar technician.so, i have a comparative good command of network application.i am able to operate the computer well.i am skillful in searching for information in internet.i am a football fan for years.italian team is my favorite.anyway,i feel great pity for our countrys team.

i always believe that one will easily lag behind unless he keeps on learning .of course, if i am given a chance to study xx in this famous university,i will stare no effort to master a good command of advance xx.

模板四

模板四是一个比较综合性的模板。每一段都可以拆分成为一个单独的问题,导师在英语面试中关注的个人问题(比如家庭、家乡、兴趣、读研之后的规划等)几乎都包括在内,希望同学们好好阅读,针对个人情况进行修改。

first let me introduce myself, my name is xx, 23 years old, and david is my english name. i am open-minded, easy to adapt, compatible with my friends, and willing to help others.

i studied in xx university. although it is not well known, i still appreciate it, because it offers me a chance to develop my abilities. during my college years, i have made rapid and great progress in many areas, as a student, i work very hard, and obtain scholarship many times, as a monitor, i work earnestly, also gain good comments from teachers and classmates, working as a member of student union, i strive to finish any assignment perfectly. in a word, i learned a lot in my college life.

in my family, there are three members, my farther, my mother, and i. my parents are workers, my father works very hard, and he is always fully occupied, so most of the housework is done by my mother, of course, while i am at home, i would help her. i love my parents and they love me, too. when i make a success, they are more excited than me, and support me to do better.

even though i failed, instead of blaming, they always share sorrow with me, and encourage me not to give up. during my preparation for graduate examination, the support from my family is always my momentum. parents love is unselfish, i am deeply affected, so i will do all what i can to repay them.

my hometown is xx, a young city in xx province. it is famous for its xx and xx. there are great scenes here, xx, xx, xx, and so on. each year, many people come here for tour and investment. so i believe that, with the joint efforts of every person, a better future of xx is coming (round the corner).

during the past four years, i have learned a lot of professional knowledge and practical skills, but gradually, i realize it is not enough. in my opinion, further study is actually urgent for me to realize and finally achieve self-value. life is precious, it is necessary to catch any opportunity for self-development, especially in the competitive modern society. therefore, i prefer to go on for further education.

i am deeply impressed by the academic atmosphere when connecting to the web site of your department. in addition, i am attracted by the process of xx, and want to do something for xx. as the proverb says if i got a chance to study here, i would like to continue to accept professional training, in order to get ready for working in the future. i hope i can achieve my goal soon.

there must be many things to learn if i were enrolled into my ideal research field. i hope i can build up a systematic view of xx, especially in the fields of xx. sincerely, my wish is to get a complete comprehension of xx. on the other hand, i am dreaming of the participation of some relevant projects of my major, for this reason, i will get more experience in practice. and whats more, i expect to continue my study for doctorate degree, if it is possible. in a word, i am looking forward to making up a solid foundation for future profession which is based on three years of study here.

in my spare time, i like reading books, collecting cards and coins, playing volleyball, communicating with friends, and so on.i also like english very much, i am fond of watching english films and listening to english songs, i passed college english test band six in september, 2003, i do believe there is still a long way for me to learn english well enough, however i will not shrink back, because i realize that english is a bridge connected our country with the outside world. learning english is the most direct and available method for intercourse among countries and also useful for us to get advanced knowledge and technology from other nations.

模板五

模板五

是比较中规中矩的模板。模板有些长,将自己的家乡、大学情况介绍清楚;也是比较受欢迎的一个模板。大家在准备的时候可以根据个人情况将每一个点都能写成一个小段,老师可能在你介绍的时候打断你,进行相关的提问。

hello, my professors.its whole life (and knowledge comes from practice).

second, i will introduce my major in the university.my major is biological engineering in xx university.it has a great relationship with biology scince.their relationship can be shown with an example: just like a river,biology science,which often finds new discoveries and theories, is at the head of the river.and my major,which lays more stress on practical use, seems to be at the end of it.when both of them interact well enough,the discovries and theories in biology science can be soon turned into products in all of the modern industry.

four years university education gives me a lot of things to learn,a lot of chances to try,and a lot of practices to improve myself.it teaches me not only what to study and how to think,but also to see the importance of practical ability (such as doing expriment as much as possible). in the university life,i have made many good friends.they help me improve my study and research ability, do ererything just like a man,and often give me good example to follow.

besides what i have introduced myself above,i also have many interests in my spare time.i like playing football,which is an effective way i think to improve my body health,and it can teach me how to join in a group and deal with other people.drawing and writing is another favor to me.

above all,i choose the major in order to broad my view in biology scince,and enhance my research ability.i will do my best to join the new group and be good at postgraduate study.

06其他素材
?常用句式 
(1)表达本科所学专业和方向。
如果你所学专业下没有细分方向,则只说本科所学专业就可以了:my undergraduate major is (本科所学专业名称), and i specialized in (本科所学专业方向).也可以说the subject i learnt in my university is (本科所学专业名称).

如果你现在是上班族,可以用以下句式简要表述目前从事的工作:i m now working for (目前就职公司的全名)as a/an (你目前的职位).如果你现在是在校学生,即将拿到学位,在研究生阶段继续学习本专业,可以说:i s degree in (即将获得的本科学位名称). i wish to continue my study in this area.(2)表述籍贯
若你的家乡是省会城市: i m from (城市),capital city of (省份).若你的家乡不是省会城市,是某个省的大城市: i m from (城市), a major city in (省份).若你的家乡是个美丽的小城镇: i s quite famous for its (你家乡的特色美景等).——如果没有很出名的特色,可以不讲。(3)表述自己的经历若你曾在某公司实习过:i have an internship at (实习的公司名称).i have some practical experience in this area,and i cooperated quite well with others.表述选择这个学校或专业的原因:the reason for my choice is that….表述贵校有很棒的教学设备和研究平台:it provides the top quality facilities for (你想学的专业) and the best platform for further research in this area.
?常用词汇
关于性格的词汇:
honest 诚实
easy-going 随和energetic 精力充沛的quick-learning 学习能力强的confident 自信perseverance 坚持dedication 奉献team-spirit 团队精神flexible 灵活leadership skills 领导能力helpfulness 乐于助人positive attitude 乐观态度caring 关心他人sense of humor 幽默感cheerfulness 乐观friendliness 友爱adaptability 适应能力work well with others善于与他人合作focus on projects 专一work under pressure能承受压力get along well with others 与人相处和睦
关于生活的词汇:microblog微博netizen网民follower粉丝podcast播客profile个人资料working link有效链接upload上传personal interests个人爱好attachment附件privacy settings私人设置blogger写博客的人the age of blogs博客时代homepage主页social networking website社交网络
描述理想目标的词汇:blueprint 蓝图key university 重点大学turning point 转折点master degree 硕士学位target 目标material/spiritual life 物质/精神生活outlook on life 人生观material/spiritual pursuit 物质/精神追求to live in vain 虚度一生in pursuit of sth 追求(某物)to set a goal 确定目标to realize self-worth 实现自我价值contentment makes happiness 知足常乐
涉及文化传统的词汇:cultural heritage 文化遗产cultural facilities 文化设施beijing opera 京剧cross talk 相声chinese martial arts 武术chinese painting 国画museum 博物馆art gallery 画廊,美术馆cultural/historical relics 文物antique 古董collection 收藏品sedan chair 轿子auction house 拍卖行to unearth/excavate 出土ancestor/forefather 祖先rituals/social customs 社会习俗folk tales 民间传说
the state administration of cultural relics 国家文物局关于环境保护的词汇:
environmental degradation 环境恶化resources exhaustion 资源枯竭greenhouse effects 温室效应global warming 全球变暖uncontrolled urbanization 城市化失控endangered species 濒危物种wildlife extinction 野生动物灭绝natural habitat 自然栖息地water conservation 节约用水toxic emission 废气排放conservation of water and soil 水土保持disruption of ecological balance 生态失衡
landscaping design for environmental purposes 美化环境
bring the pollution under control 控制污染
pursue the strategy of sustainable development推行可持续发展战略关于学历的词汇:本科——undergraduate;
研究生——graduate;大一学生——freshman;
大二学生——sophomore;大三学生——junior;
大四学生——senior;学位——degree;
文凭——diploma;
证书——certificate;
本科学位——bachelor
硕士学位——master同等学力——an equivalent education level;关于个人经历的词汇:奖学金——scholarship;
论文——thesis;
导师——supervisor;
实习生——intern;
实习期——internship;
兼职——part-time job;学生会——students
学生会主席——president of the students
干事——secretary;
学生干部——student leader.

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